Why does using a wifi repeater with a VPN config(expressVPN) keep breaking my databases?

Why does using a wifi repeater with a VPN config(expressVPN) keep breaking my databases? I am using a GLInet travel router to repeat hotel internet with a opvn based expressVPN config. What about that causes the gpgaTour databases to break? I dont 100% understand gpg signatures, but I assume its a key validating the authenticity of a software package or something similar.

Im pretty sure I have updated software before via the pamac GUI while being on a VPN without issue. I attempted all the suggestions to update mirrors, tried the longer more laborious resolution given by Yohan Chan in another thread, and none worked so Im assuming it is due to the wifi repeater/VPN combo.

I also tried that the deleting of the the .sig files in the /var/lib/pacman/sync/ directory.

It will likely work as intended if I wasnt on the repeater/VPN combo, but I would like to understand the underlying logic that causes the invalid/corrupt database due to this network combo.

Thank you.

GNUPG (gpg) is used to validate if the content has been altered in transfer.

Such altercation can be glitches in network connection or man-in-middle attacks.

Glitches in network connection is normal and usually the TCP/IP protocol will request certain packets if they do not arrive or are damaged in-flight.

If your connection uses UDP then there is no verification of the packages and unless the in-tunnel protocol uses TCP then the data may change and thus gpg verification will fail.

Only way to resolve is to repeat transmission or wait to another time of the day.

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After getting back on my home network I used the solution given in this thread by Yoch:

I had to REBOOT after following his instructions in order to stop getting the corrupt databases error that Pamac GUI kept throwing when I tried to update.

After rebooting I was able to update as expected.

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