I know this isn’t quite what you ask, but I use Code OSS. It is available in the community repository and is essentially VS Code compiled to run on Manjaro. It is easy to install and, as near as I can tell, is indistinguishable from VS Code. It looks identical, uses the exact same plugins, and even needs the telemetry turned off just like VS Code would require.
Add the --needed flag to the pacman command - this will only install missing packages
sudo pacman -Syu base-devel --needed
Even your system is fresh - there may be updates.
Do not sync new packages to your system without syncing installed packages as well.
VSCode is in the Archlinux repo and as such also a part of Manjaro official repo - and as you updated your system you can now skip the yu part
sudo pacman -S code
But if you want the Microsoft version you will need to use pamac to build the microsoft version. Pamac itself will install the necessary packages required to build a local package.
Hi don’t know if it is an option for you: The VS-code Snap repository works right out of the box, it follows Microsoft’s “opensource” guidelines stuff which enables the use of marketplace API.
As for the output you’re getting, you need the package binutils (it provides the strip binary) which is part of the base-devel group, as mentioned above.