In your notebook terminal, take note of the IP address that will look something like 192.168.?.? (if you are on a Virtual Machine it might look like 10.?.?.? but that is probably not your case).
This is your notebook IP in your local network.
Later from a computer or smartphone connected in the same local network (same router/modem) you can access this machine using its IP address:
ssh notebookusername@192.168.?.?
The ip addr command might list other network interfaces , you will have to look for the correct one.
This is my output:
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp5s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether bc:5f:##:##:##:## brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.102/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute enp5s0
valid_lft 74241sec preferred_lft 74241sec
In the above example my machine IP on the my local network is 192.168.1.102
yes, as many cloud servers can access via the internet. So I suppose there might be a way to connect my own host laptop and other devices via the internet?
It is possible but this opens your computer to the world, and then you need to take measures to protect yourself from this point of entry you expose to the world.
Depending on your network configuration it should simply need to forward the opened port from your route to your laptop.