If you can resume work after a short timeout but not after a longer timeout, then chances are that your system has crashed for some reason. There are a few ways of verifying whether that was the case, namely…
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Try switching to another virtual console with CtrlAltF3.
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See whether the NumLock key toggles the pertinent LED between on and off.
If either of these two operations is successful, then the kernel is still alive, and then you will most likely find information about what went wrong in the system log.