Streaming video crashes the OS

Support
1

A couple months ago, my pc started to often crash when streaming video.
First, the picture freeze while the sound does a “broken-record”-loop of 1-2 sec. After ~30-60 seconds of broken record, it reboots. When I had it set to auto-login, it actually directly resumed the crashed session, restarting all opened windows.
Recently, this has changed to just broken record forever, without rebooting. This happens regardless which site I’m streaming from, be it Youtube, Netflix or anything else.
When in first occurred, I was running the 5.10 LTS kernel, now I switched to 5.15 LTS, but the problem remains.
I wonder if it could be a symptom of my machine getting old (it’s 5 years or sth…)?
I suspect sudden CPU spikes due to overheating (or vice versa?).
Could anyone help find out what the root cause is?
I’ve been wanting to try if it’s the same under a different OS, but having trouble installing that…

Here’s some system information:

  ~  inxi --admin --verbosity=7 --filter --width                                                          ✔ 
System:
  Kernel: 5.15.28-1-MANJARO arch: x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 11.2.0
    parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.15-x86_64
    root=UUID=284f4666-64db-4384-ab26-e7f9c5cfbf37 rw quiet apparmor=1
    security=apparmor resume=UUID=9e25fe4d-e53e-44f0-98be-2cadadadd2f4
    udev.log_priority=3
  Desktop: KDE Plasma v: 5.24.3 tk: Qt v: 5.15.3 wm: kwin_wayland vt: 2
    dm: SDDM Distro: Manjaro Linux base: Arch Linux
Machine:
  Type: Laptop Mobo: ZOTAC model: ZBOX-CI527/CI547 v: XX
    serial: <superuser required> UEFI: American Megatrends v: B331P206
    date: 04/25/2017
Battery:
  Message: No system battery data found. Is one present?
Memory:
  RAM: total: 15.54 GiB used: 4.21 GiB (27.1%)
  RAM Report:
    permissions: Unable to run dmidecode. Root privileges required.
CPU:
  Info: model: Intel Core i5-7200U bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Amber/Kaby Lake
    note: check family: 6 model-id: 0x8E (142) stepping: 9 microcode: 0xEC
  Topology: cpus: 1x cores: 2 tpc: 2 threads: 4 smt: enabled cache:
    L1: 128 KiB desc: d-2x32 KiB; i-2x32 KiB L2: 512 KiB desc: 2x256 KiB
    L3: 3 MiB desc: 1x3 MiB
  Speed (MHz): avg: 598 high: 600 min/max: 400/3100 scaling:
    driver: intel_pstate governor: powersave cores: 1: 600 2: 597 3: 600 4: 596
    bogomips: 21607
  Flags: 3dnowprefetch abm acpi adx aes aperfmperf apic arat
    arch_capabilities arch_perfmon art avx avx2 bmi1 bmi2 bts clflush clflushopt
    cmov constant_tsc cpuid cpuid_fault cx16 cx8 de ds_cpl dtes64 dtherm dts
    epb ept ept_ad erms est f16c flexpriority flush_l1d fma fpu fsgsbase fxsr
    ht hwp hwp_act_window hwp_epp hwp_notify ibpb ibrs ida intel_pt invpcid
    invpcid_single lahf_lm lm mca mce md_clear mmx monitor movbe mpx msr mtrr
    nonstop_tsc nopl nx pae pat pbe pcid pclmulqdq pdcm pdpe1gb pebs pge pln
    pni popcnt pse pse36 pti pts rdrand rdseed rdtscp rep_good sdbg sep smap
    smep ss ssbd sse sse2 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 stibp syscall tm tm2 tpr_shadow
    tsc tsc_adjust tsc_deadline_timer vme vmx vnmi vpid x2apic xgetbv1 xsave
    xsavec xsaveopt xsaves xtopology xtpr
  Vulnerabilities:
  Type: itlb_multihit status: KVM: VMX disabled
  Type: l1tf
    mitigation: PTE Inversion; VMX: conditional cache flushes, SMT vulnerable
  Type: mds mitigation: Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
  Type: meltdown mitigation: PTI
  Type: spec_store_bypass
    mitigation: Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp
  Type: spectre_v1
    mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
  Type: spectre_v2 mitigation: Retpolines, IBPB: conditional, IBRS_FW,
    STIBP: conditional, RSB filling
  Type: srbds mitigation: Microcode
  Type: tsx_async_abort status: Not affected
Graphics:
  Device-1: Intel HD Graphics 620 driver: i915 v: kernel ports: active: DP-1
    empty: DP-2,HDMI-A-1 bus-ID: 00:02.0 chip-ID: 8086:5916 class-ID: 0300
  Display: wayland server: X.org v: 1.21.1.3 with: Xwayland v: 22.1.0
    compositor: kwin_wayland driver: X: loaded: modesetting
    alternate: fbdev,vesa gpu: i915 display-ID: 0
  Monitor-1: DP-1 res: 1920x1080 size: N/A modes: N/A
  OpenGL: renderer: Mesa Intel HD Graphics 620 (KBL GT2) v: 4.6 Mesa 21.3.7
    direct render: Yes
Audio:
  Device-1: Intel Sunrise Point-LP HD Audio driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel
    alternate: snd_soc_skl bus-ID: 00:1f.3 chip-ID: 8086:9d71 class-ID: 0403
  Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.15.28-1-MANJARO running: yes
  Sound Server-2: JACK v: 1.9.20 running: no
  Sound Server-3: PulseAudio v: 15.0 running: yes
  Sound Server-4: PipeWire v: 0.3.48 running: yes
Network:
  Device-1: Intel Ethernet I219-LM driver: e1000e v: kernel port: N/A
    bus-ID: 00:1f.6 chip-ID: 8086:156f class-ID: 0200
  IF: enp0s31f6 state: up speed: 100 Mbps duplex: full mac: <filter>
  IP v4: <filter> type: dynamic noprefixroute scope: global
    broadcast: <filter>
  IP v6: <filter> type: noprefixroute scope: link
  Device-2: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet
    driver: r8169 v: kernel pcie: gen: 1 speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 1 port: e000
    bus-ID: 01:00.0 chip-ID: 10ec:8168 class-ID: 0200
  IF: enp1s0 state: down mac: <filter>
  Device-3: Intel Wireless 3165 driver: iwlwifi v: kernel pcie: gen: 1
    speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 1 bus-ID: 02:00.0 chip-ID: 8086:3165 class-ID: 0280
  IF: wlp2s0 state: down mac: <filter>
  WAN IP: <filter>
Bluetooth:
  Device-1: Intel Bluetooth wireless interface type: USB driver: btusb v: 0.8
    bus-ID: 1-8:4 chip-ID: 8087:0a2a class-ID: e001
  Report: rfkill ID: hci0 rfk-id: 1 state: down bt-service: enabled,running
    rfk-block: hardware: no software: yes address: see --recommends
Logical:
  Message: No logical block device data found.
RAID:
  Message: No RAID data found.
Drives:
  Local Storage: total: 1.82 TiB used: 1.2 TiB (65.8%)
  SMART Message: Unable to run smartctl. Root privileges required.
  ID-1: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 vendor: Crucial model: CT2000MX500SSD1
    size: 1.82 TiB block-size: physical: 4096 B logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s
    type: SSD serial: <filter> rev: 033 scheme: GPT
  Message: No optical or floppy data found.
Partition:
  ID-1: / raw-size: 1.52 TiB size: 1.49 TiB (98.37%) used: 1.2 TiB (80.3%)
    fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda2 maj-min: 8:2 label: N/A
    uuid: 284f4666-64db-4384-ab26-e7f9c5cfbf37
  ID-2: /boot/efi raw-size: 300 MiB size: 299.4 MiB (99.80%)
    used: 292 KiB (0.1%) fs: vfat dev: /dev/sda1 maj-min: 8:1 label: NO_LABEL
    uuid: D191-05DB
Swap:
  Kernel: swappiness: 60 (default) cache-pressure: 100 (default)
  ID-1: swap-1 type: partition size: 8 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) priority: -2
    dev: /dev/sda3 maj-min: 8:3 label: Swap
    uuid: e122d88c-a50c-4de1-8fc0-c6ad9f279737
Unmounted:
  ID-1: /dev/sda4 maj-min: 8:4 size: 300.8 GiB fs: btrfs label: Fedora
    uuid: 65da3aa1-d876-4295-a0b7-a744f90939ac
USB:
  Hub-1: 1-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 12 rev: 2.0
    speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
  Device-1: 1-6:2 info: Logitech MK260 Wireless Combo Receiver
    type: Keyboard,Mouse driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0
    speed: 12 Mb/s power: 98mA chip-ID: 046d:c52e class-ID: 0301
  Device-2: 1-7:3 info: Realtek 3-in-1 (SD/SDHC/SDXC) Card Reader
    type: Mass Storage driver: ums-realtek interfaces: 1 rev: 2.0
    speed: 480 Mb/s power: 500mA chip-ID: 0bda:0153 class-ID: 0806
    serial: <filter>
  Device-3: 1-8:4 info: Intel Bluetooth wireless interface type: Bluetooth
    driver: btusb interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 100mA
    chip-ID: 8087:0a2a class-ID: e001
  Hub-2: 2-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 6 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
    chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
  Hub-3: 3-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 2 rev: 2.0
    speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
  Hub-4: 4-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 2 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
    chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
Sensors:
  System Temperatures: cpu: 60.0 C pch: 50.5 C mobo: 27.8 C
  Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A
Info:
  Processes: 240 Uptime: 13m wakeups: 0 Init: systemd v: 250 tool: systemctl
  Compilers: gcc: 11.2.0 clang: 13.0.1 Packages: 1727 pacman: 1686 lib: 426
  flatpak: 33 snap: 8 Shell: Zsh v: 5.8.1 default: Bash v: 5.1.16
  running-in: konsole inxi: 3.3.15

When the system reboots after a crash, there are some boot messages that look like they could be about the crash, but never displayed long enough to take a picture. Also, it’s now not rebooting anymore (which I don’t know if that’s better or worse than before…)
Am I sort of in the right ballpark thinking that overheating can cause this sort of crashes?

2

Yes, overheating would be my first guess.

However, without a log there’s nothing to go on.
With journalctl -b -1, you get the full journal/log from the last boot until the reboot/crash.
The most helpful entries should be at the very end.

1 Like
3

Does this happen also if you log in X11 session?

Might want to look into it and decide if you want both running. I’ll suggest to chose one.

4

This doesn’t seem to report everything since before the crash. It’s now 15:20, (5 min since auto-reboot after crash), but the journal only goes till 14:04…

 journalctl -b -1                                                                                   1 ✘ 
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: microcode: microcode updated early to revision 0xec, date = 2021-04-28
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: Linux version 5.15.28-1-MANJARO (builduser@fv-az82-631) (gcc (GCC) 11.2.0, GNU l>
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.15-x86_64 root=UUID=284f4666-64db-4384->
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x001: 'x87 floating point registers'
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x002: 'SSE registers'
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x004: 'AVX registers'
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x008: 'MPX bounds registers'
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x010: 'MPX CSR'
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: xstate_offset[2]:  576, xstate_sizes[2]:  256
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: xstate_offset[3]:  832, xstate_sizes[3]:   64
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: xstate_offset[4]:  896, xstate_sizes[4]:   64
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: x86/fpu: Enabled xstate features 0x1f, context size is 960 bytes, using 'compact>
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: signal: max sigframe size: 2032
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000057fff] usable
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000058000-0x0000000000058fff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000059000-0x000000000009dfff] usable
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009e000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000857eefff] usable
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000857ef000-0x00000000857effff] ACPI NVS
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000857f0000-0x00000000857f0fff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000857f1000-0x000000008b7f1fff] usable
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000008b7f2000-0x000000008c51cfff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000008c51d000-0x000000008c9b4fff] usable
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000008c9b5000-0x000000008cd24fff] ACPI NVS
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000008cd25000-0x000000008d3acfff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000008d3ad000-0x000000008d3fefff] type 20
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000008d3ff000-0x000000008d3fffff] usable
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000008d400000-0x000000008fffffff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000e0000000-0x00000000efffffff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fe000000-0x00000000fe010fff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
Apr 16 14:04:23 catull-mnj kernel: BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed00000-0x00000000fed00fff] reserved

I’ll have to try that. can’t reproduce reliably, since crash does not happen each time I stream video, just pretty often. But if I watch video in a X11 session for an hour like 10 times with no crash, It’ll be safe to say Wayland was the problem. Have there been other reports of this happening under Wayland?

That must have happened when I tried to route the sound from PulseAudio to my Raspberry Pi over the network. It was kinda successful, but very messy.
Which is the default preinstalled sound server for Manjaro KDE?

6

I’ve had exactly the same problem symptoms for about 9 months and with different distros (Fedora, Manjaro). My hardware isn’t old (2 yr old MSI MAG x570 Tomahawk WiFi) and Windows works fine. It happens while streaming audio too and under both Wayland and Xorg and with both the nouveau and nvidia drivers. I’ve had trouble even installing recent versions of those distros (and Ubuntu). Especially the KDE based versions. I think I was using the KDE version of Manjaro when I first encountered this problem.

1 Like
7

You can scroll the log. It’s like reading your diary but only the frontpage.

1 Like
8

So, any solution then?

9

Sorry no - I don’t know the cause or any solution. I installed Manjaro (Gnome) about a week ago and so far I haven’t had this problem with it and I’m just hoping it’s gone away for good. It’s so general a problem though - cross-distro, cross-WM etc. - that my guess is that some regression in the kernel is the root cause. On Fedora I did once see a post-crash report mentioning unix_stream_read_generic but it disappeared (yet another bug perhaps sigh) before I could investigate or file a bug report.

10

So just now it happened. I’m not 100% sure the session that just crashed was X11 not Wayland, but the rebooted login screen had X11 pre-selected. Is there maybe a way to check if the previous session was also X11? Anyway, here’s the log:

#Crash occured at 21:43 streaming Youtube video in Firefox

Apr 21 21:23:52 catull-mnj bluetoothd[1086]: src/profile.c:ext_io_disconnected() Unable to get io data for Hands-Fr>
Apr 21 21:23:53 catull-mnj kdeconnectd[1288]: org.kde.pulseaudio: No object for name "bluez_sink.BC_F2_92_79_B9_30.>
Apr 21 21:23:53 catull-mnj kdeconnectd[1288]: org.kde.pulseaudio: No object for name "rtp.monitor"
Apr 21 21:23:53 catull-mnj plasmashell[1276]: org.kde.plasma.pulseaudio: No object for name "bluez_sink.BC_F2_92_79>
Apr 21 21:23:53 catull-mnj plasmashell[1276]: org.kde.plasma.pulseaudio: No object for name "rtp.monitor"
Apr 21 21:23:53 catull-mnj kdeconnectd[1288]: org.kde.pulseaudio: No object for name "rtp.monitor"
Apr 21 21:23:53 catull-mnj plasmashell[1276]: org.kde.plasma.pulseaudio: No object for name "rtp.monitor"
Apr 21 21:24:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:23:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:24:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:28:36 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:29:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:28:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:29:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:29:41 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:29:41 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:30:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:29:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:30:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:31:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:30:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:31:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:31:28 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:31:28 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:32:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:31:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:32:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:32:13 catull-mnj org_kde_powerdevil[1277]: org.kde.powerdevil: Unsatisfied policies, the action has been aborted
Apr 21 21:33:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:32:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:33:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:33:27 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:33:27 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:33:28 catull-mnj org_kde_powerdevil[1277]: org.kde.powerdevil: Unsatisfied policies, the action has been aborted
Apr 21 21:34:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:33:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:34:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:34:29 catull-mnj dbus-daemon[438]: [system] Activating service name='org.kde.powerdevil.backlighthelper' requested by ':1.49' (uid=1000 pid=1277 comm="/usr/lib/org_kde_powerdevil") (using servicehelper)
Apr 21 21:34:29 catull-mnj dbus-daemon[438]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.kde.powerdevil.backlighthelper'
Apr 21 21:35:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:34:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:35:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:36:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:35:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:36:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:36:34 catull-mnj plasmashell[1276]: file:///usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.notifications/contents/ui/NotificationItem.qml:219:21: QML SelectableLabel: Binding loop detected for property "implicitWidth"
Apr 21 21:36:34 catull-mnj plasmashell[1276]: file:///usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.notifications/contents/ui/NotificationItem.qml:219:21: QML SelectableLabel: Binding loop detected for property "implicitWidth"
Apr 21 21:36:34 catull-mnj plasmashell[1276]: file:///usr/share/plasma/plasmoids/org.kde.plasma.notifications/contents/ui/NotificationItem.qml:219:21: QML SelectableLabel: Binding loop detected for property "implicitHeight"
Apr 21 21:37:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:36:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:37:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:38:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:37:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:38:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:38:27 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:38:27 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:38:40 catull-mnj kdeconnectd[1288]: kdeconnect.plugin.battery: No Primary Battery detected on this system. This may be a bug.
Apr 21 21:38:40 catull-mnj kdeconnectd[1288]: kdeconnect.plugin.battery: Total quantity of batteries found:  0
Apr 21 21:38:54 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:38:54 catull-mnj rtkit-daemon[1303]: Supervising 8 threads of 5 processes of 1 users.
Apr 21 21:39:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:38:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:39:00 2022"
Apr 21 21:39:08 catull-mnj org_kde_powerdevil[1277]: org.kde.powerdevil: Unsatisfied policies, the action has been aborted
Apr 21 21:40:00 catull-mnj kalendarac[1307]: Check: "Do. Apr. 21 21:39:01 2022"  - "Do. Apr. 21 21:40:00 2022"

21:40 is the last entry…

11

Can anyone answer this one?