Pavucontrol not detecting headphone after stable update

PulseAudio update will create a .pacnew file if you have changed any of the PulseAudio configuration files in folder /etc/pulse/ (so any user changes are not replaced)

suggest you check if you have any .pacnew files that need attention

ls /etc/pulse/ | grep *.pacnew

PulseAudio does not read from .pacnew files, only the original configuration files
so it will not have the updated configuration

the original configuration file and it’s corresponding .pacnew file need to be compared by the user to make sure any changes in the .pacnew file are merged with the configuration file and retain user-specific changes
when the changes have been merged the .pacnew file can be deleted

I suggest you check this discussion for how to merge .pacnew files using meld or pacdiff
Good tutorial around pacnew needed

Or this BASH script to find any .pacnew files and open them in meld