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It appears you never set a root password, which is why you cannot login at the screen (this is OK, you can still chroot). As the screen says, you need to provide us with your system’s information. In your chroot environment, run:
journalctl -xb
And provide us the output.
And, run:
inxi -Fazy
And post the output.
We can work with this information to try and troubleshoot your issue.
To clarify, you end up here when you try booting ever since you updated? When did you run this update?