This has nothing to do with Linux, that is a hardware problem.
I recommend to repaste your Thermal compound on your very old GPU
and probably it can’t hurt to refresh it on your CPU also… but this is optional.
The problem is, that you can’t see on a lot GPU’s the VRAM Temps.
I had a problem with my 2080Ti that was only 2 year’s old, the GPU Core showed only 74° when gaming but in some situations my games crashed.
Luckily GPU-Z and Hwinfo showed me the Hotspott Temp, which was 105°…
long story short, i repasted the Thermal Paste and today i still have 74° Core Temp on my GPU but my Hotspott went down to 83° and i have no more crashes.