To see which font is the default font for Thai scripts try, in a terminal:
$ fc-match :lang=th
On my machine, that shows me that the default Thai font is DroidSansThai.ttf: "Droid Sans" "Regular"
To see all the Thai language font files that that are installed on your system, try:
$ fc-list lang=th
The Thai font might be set from your desktop’s font manager. You might set your DE’s font to one of the Noto or Droid family fonts. I know they have Thai support. Some terminal emulators have a ‘Preferences’ option to set the fonts used; urxvt (rxvt-unicode) and xterm set the fonts in ~/.Xresources. Urxvt is the more versatile choice if you use multiple locales.