Curl and wget able to connect to my friend's webdavs server.. but dolphin can't. it just keeps waiting for ages

Not all available functionality has been added to a Manjaro ISO. For a lot of use cases you will have to configure your system to use the desired service e.g. samba, nfs and in this case webdav.

Please consult the Arch wiki as this is the autoritative documentation for various services.

To have webdav working you will likely need to build a custom package.