Invalid loader file! Not found while loading vmlinuz-6.12.x86_64

Previous topic shows use of GRUB bootloader and no mention of Apple hardware, so it may only have a similar cause – incomplete update
[HowTo] Recovering from an interrupted update/upgrade

ArchWiki has more information about refind and Apple hardware

ArchWiki - Refind - Troubleshooting - Apple Macs

Use bless from within macOS to set rEFInd as the default boot entry:

# bless --setBoot --folder *esp*/EFI/refind --file *esp*/EFI/refind/refind_x64.efi

ArchWiki - Refind - Troubleshooting - Error:_Not_Found_while_loading_vmlinuz-linux