Have look at his thread: Pamac fails to synchronise due unacceptable TLS certificate
LetsEncrypt uses SHA1 for performance reason and llibsoup3 has problems with it, which is used in pamac. Guess that is the summary of the whole story.
To add here: I get also sometimes that error, but I disabled auto-updating of AUR packages and do it on demand. When I request it the AUR DB too often, I get again the same error.