Edit the file product.json in folder /usr/lib/code replacing this:
"extensionsGallery": { "serviceUrl": "https://open-vsx.org/vscode/gallery", "itemUrl": "https://open-vsx.org/vscode/item" },
with this:
"extensionsGallery": { "serviceUrl": "https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/_apis/public/gallery", "itemUrl": "https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items" },
Tested and working well.