Were there any error messages for specific commands that didn’t work?
Did alsactl work to restore audio settings in ALSA even if sound was not audible?
I suggest:
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Reboot system to ensure audio device is in a non-working state
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Post more information about ALSA mixer settings
amixer --card=1 info; amixer --card=1
Rebooted to Windows 10 to rule out hardware problem
Check Windows Fast Startup and ensure it is turned off
Fast startup in Windows uses hybrid hibernation instead of fully powering down audio devices
This can affect audio devices when rebooting from Windows to Linux
pactl list sinks is still showing Port for Headphones is not available
Do Audio GUI controls show if Headphones or Speakers are Plugged-In or Unplugged correctly?
(jack detection for either jack socket might be malfunctioning)
Data also shows another sink for HDMI output from nVidia GPU to Pixio PX247 monitor
I suggest turning off HDMI audio device whilst troubleshooting onboard audio device so it cannot take default-sink status
pactl set-card-profile alsa_card.pci-0000_08_00.1 off